Isaiah 24–27 consists largely of eschatological oracles of vengeance against an unnamed city which is bringing catastrophe upon the whole world and now threatens Judah, interspersed with songs of future triumph over this enemy. Smend endeavors to identify the city referred to, contending that 25:10 shows it to be Moabite. He argues that the text shows an apocalyptic belief that Yahweh has given over his rulership to heavenly powers (the pagan gods) who bring evil on the world, and from whom Yahweh will exact judgment; this demonstrates a post-exilic origin, as does his understanding that 26:19 refers to an actual, not just metaphorical, resurrection of the dead. More tentatively, he identifies Alexander as a possible candidate for the power the text depicts as overcoming the enemy. He concludes that the text probably refers to an otherwise unknown threat to Judah by Moab. Smend's view of this text as apocalyptic and post-exilic has been widely but not universally upheld in later scholarship. Smend, a student of Julius Wellhausen and professor at the University of Göttingen, is known primarily for his critical research on the Hexateuch.