Appositely named Intiṣār—meaning both ‘victory’ and ‘defense’—Abū l-Ḥusayn al-Khayyāṭ’s book is the refutation of a refutation and an angry polemic against much else, including Muslims and non-Muslims, atheists and freethinkers. Above all, it is a demonstration of the dialectic method praised by the Muʿtazili school as the sole correct method of truth-finding in matters relating to God, to physics, to ethics, and to politics. This book priovides an English translation of this work of classical Arabic theology, accompanied by the Arabic text and and an introduction that focuses on the religious and intellectual milieu that informed al-Khayyāṭ’s writing, the sectarian environment where he lived, and the culture of debate in which he participated.

This study examines the spread of Islam in West Africa, the use of the Arabic language, and the impact of this situation on political events.

This book discusses the commercial dimension of Islamic law and its impact on the present day.

This book examines an eleventh-century mihnah event and the debates about the concept and meaning of imamate.

This book discusses the names and attributes of Allah in the context of the famous Islamic scholar al-Ghazali (Gazzali).

The Journal of Language Relationship is an international periodical publication devoted to the issues of comparative linguistics and the history of the human language. The Journal contains articles written in English and Russian, as well as scientific reviews, discussions and reports from international linguistic conferences and seminars.