This historical study focuses on the science of Qur'anic spelling and the origin and development of the history of Qur'anic copies in the early Islamic period. Specifically, this book deals with two 7th-century projects to turn the Qur'anic text into a standardized book. The first part studies the disputes regarding the finalization date, the number of copies, and their destination. The second part studies the members and numbers of the expert committee for the first project. The third part critically examines the supposed statement of his holiness, Uthman. The fourth part discusses the fundamental question of what orthographic principles were used in recording the Osman copy. The fifth and final part deals with the second project, which the Umayyads supported.